Suppin-sama
As for the issue of action and motivation, Buddhism places particular emphasis on motivation. I think it can be said that it is a way of thinking close to the theory of motivation in ethics.
In Buddhism, motivation is “thought,” and the act based on that thought is “thought and action,” and as an actual act, it becomes the three acts of body (physical action), mouth (act with words), and meaning (thought), and it has a big impact as bad cause and bad effect, and good cause and effect in the flow of reincarnation and cause and effect. Karma is classified into three categories: good or evil, and “ignorance.”
Next, if we were to classify the acts,
1. There is a motive, an act, and a result
2. There is a motive, no action, no result
3. There is a motive, no action, no result
4. There is no motive, action, or result
5. No Motivation, No Action, No Results
In view of the probability of results, what can be bad business is 1, 2, and 3. 4 is what is called negligent, but unless it is an obvious violation of duty of care or negligence, it cannot be bad business, and of course there is no problem with 5.
The treatment of 4 is actually a place where there are various discussions in terms of criminal law and civil law (predictability, violation of obligation to avoid consequences, etc.), but I think it is okay to think of it as bad business unless there is too much awareness of the probability of the outcome in Buddhism.
Similar to the above, in the case of good conduct 4, I think it is appropriate to think that if there is no recognition of the probability of an outcome in terms of motivation, it is inappropriate to think that it cannot be a good cause.
However, the above is a general theory, and in sutras and treatises, there are also contents that can be interpreted as having merits for small children to build pagodas by piling up pebbles and drawing Buddha statues on sandy ground with wood chips for fun, so honestly, there are difficult points...
If it can be said that even an act that seems unmotivated at first glance is an act with a high possibility that it will eventually lead to enlightenment (the birth of Bodhi Mind), then there is a possibility that it will be a good cause.
For example, this is because on a daily basis, even if there is no particular motive, it is quite possible that by holding hands in front of the Buddha or reciting sutras, nembutsu, titles, mantras, etc., eventually, you will truly notice a connection with the Buddha, wake up, and take heart.
However, I think it would be good to be able to adjust good behavior after being motivated as well as possible. Due to the number of characters, that's up to this point.
Kawaguchi Hidetoshi Gassho